Abstract INTRODUCTION: Low handgrip strength (HS) is associated with cardiometabolic alterations that have affected people with HIV/AIDS. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study performed in adults receiving antiretroviral treatment. HS was evaluated using a dynamometer and divided by body weight to obtain the relative strength. The association between relative HS and overweight, increased waist circumference (WC), high body fat percentage, glycemia, and lipid ratios were assessed using logistic regression. RESULTS: Low relative HS was identified in 35% of participants and associated with increased WC (odds ratio = 9.7; 95% confidence interval = 2.8-33.0). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of low HS was high and associated with increased WC.

Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the ingestion of micronutrients in elderly living in nursing homes. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study, conducted with 216 individuals of both sexes, age equal or greater than 60 years, living in nursing homes for elderly in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. Direct weighing of the food was used to get food intake, and prevalence of inadequacy was obtained using the software Multiple Source Method (MSM) and evaluated by estimated average requirement (EAR). Results: A high prevalence of inadequate intake of micronutrients was observed, being over 90% for vitamins E, folate, pyridoxine and calcium, in both sexes and between 50 and 70% for selenium, retinol, riboflavin, cyanocobalamin and vitamin C. Conclusion: The high prevalence of inadequate intake of micronutrients in elderly living on nursing homes observed in this study may be used for planning public health strategies aiming to improve the nutritional context of this population and their quality of life, reducing the costs of health care.

Resumen Objetivo: el objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la ingesta de micronutrientes en ancianos residentes en instituciones de larga permanencia. Métodos: se trata de un estudio transversal, realizado con 216 individuos de ambos sexos, con edad igual o superior a 60 años y residentes en instituciones de larga permanencia en la ciudad de Salvador, Bahia, Brasil. Para la evaluación del consumo alimentario se utilizó el pesaje directo del alimento y la comparación con los valores de referencia del requerimiento promedio estimado (RPE). La prevalencia de ingesta inadecuada fue obtenida a través del software Multiple Source Method (MSM). Resultados: se observó una alta prevalencia de ingesta inadecuada de micronutrientes por encima de 90% para las vitaminas E, folato, piridoxina y calcio, en ambos sexos, y entre el 50% y el 70% para selenio, retinol, riboflavina, cianocobalamina y vitamina C. Conclusión: la elevada prevalencia de ingesta inadecuada de micronutrientes en los ancianos residentes en instituciones de larga permanencia observada en este estudio puede ser utilizada para la planificación de estrategias en salud pública, con el objetivo de mejorar la situación nutricional de esta población y su calidad de vida, reduciendo los costes derivados de la asistencia sanitaria.

Abstract Introduction: The sarcopenia is a negative aspect for the health of the elderly, increased the risk for disease and mortality. Additionally can contributes greatly to functional reducing capacity and quality of life. Objective: To identify the prevalence and factors associated with sarcopenia in institutionalized elderly. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study, conducted with 216 elderly people, aged ≥ 60 years, of both sexes, residents in long-term care facilities in Salvador-Bahia, Brazil. To identify sarcopenia was used the skeletal muscle Index. Covariates were considered: gender, age, time of institutionalization, type of institution, body mass index and functional capacity. The Association between sarcopenia and covariates was evaluated using the Poisson regression model with robust variance. Results: The prevalence of sarcopenia in the elderly was 72.2% and this condition was associated with male sex (PR = 1,33; CI 95% = 1,08-1,65), thinness (PR = 1,29; CI 95% = 1,16-1,43) and obesity (PR = 0,37; CI 95% = 0,23-0,61). Conclusion: The prevalence of sarcopenia was high among the elderly living in long-term institutions, especially among men. Elderly with thinness showed greater impairment of muscle reserves, while the state of obesity was protective.

Resumen Introducción: la sarcopenia es un aspecto negativo para la salud de las personas mayores, aumenta el riesgo de enfermedad y mortalidad. Además puede contribuir en gran medida a la reducción de la capacidad funcional y calidad de vida. Objetivo: identificar la prevalencia y los factores asociados con la sarcopenia en los ancianos institucionalizados. Métodos: se trata de un estudio transversal, realizado con 216 personas de edad avanzada (≥ 60 años), de ambos sexos, residentes en centros de atención a largo plazo en Salvador-Bahia, Brasil. Para identificar la sarcopenia se utilizó el índice musculoesquelético. Se consideraron covariables: género, edad, tiempo de institucionalización, tipo de institución, índice de masa corporal y la capacidad funcional. La asociación entre la sarcopenia y covariables se evaluó utilizando el modelo de regresión de Poisson con varianza robusta. Resultados: la prevalencia de la sarcopenia en los ancianos fue de 72,2% y esta condición se asocia con el sexo masculino (RP = 1,33; IC del 95% = 1,08-1,65), la delgadez (RP = 1,29; IC del 95 % = 1,16-1,43) y la obesidad (RP = 0,37; IC del 95% = 0,23-0,61). Conclusión: la prevalencia de la sarcopenia fue alta entre los ancianos que viven en instituciones de larga duración, especialmente entre los hombres. Los ancianos con delgadez mostraron un mayor deterioro en las reservas musculares, mientras que los obesos mostraban una mayor protección muscular.

Introduction: The main changes in the body composition refer to the increase of adipose tissue and/or the decrease of muscular mass, and these changes have effect in many clinical outcomes. Sarcopenic obesity (SO) consists of the presence of excessive adipose tissue and deficit of muscular mass simultaneously. People with SO may have synergistic effect due to obesity and sarcopenia, with increases cardiovascular risk more than obesity itself. Objective: To describe the findings in the literature about the association between SO and risk factors and/or cardiometabolic disease (CMD) or cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods: An electronic search was done on the following databases: MEDLINE, Scopus, SciELO, LILACS and Web of Science, using the matching expressions and Boolean operators: "obesity sarcopenic" OR "sarcopenic obesity", in the titles of the studies, AND "cardiometabolic disease" OR "cardiovascular disease" OR "metabolic syndrome" OR "insulin resistance", in the abstract. Results: Most of studies are cross-sectional and present many different diagnosis criteria for SO. It was possible to verify the association of the SO and the risk factors and/or CMD or CVD. Conclusion: SO is associated with risk factors and/or CMD or CVD. The lack of a consensus about this definition jeopardizes the effective clinical practice and the research about the subject.

Introducción: los principales cambios en la composición del cuerpo refieren el incremento de tejido adiposo y/o la disminución de masa -muscular, y estos cambios tienen efecto en varios resultados clínicos. La obesidad sarcopénica (OS) consiste en la presencia simultánea del exceso de tejido adiposo y el déficit de masa muscular. Las personas con OS pueden tener un efecto sinérgico debido a la obesidad y la sarcopenia, lo que incrementa el riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular, más que la obesidad en sí. Objetivo: describir los hallazgos en la literatura científica sobre la asociación de la SO y los factores de riesgo y/o ECM (enfermedad cardiometabólica) o enfermedad cardiovascular (ECV). Métodos: se realizó una búsqueda electrónica en las siguientes bases de datos: MEDLINE, Scopus, SciELO, LILACS y Web of Science, usando las expresiones coincidentes y los operadores booleanos: "obesidad sarcopénica" o " sarcopénica obesidad ", en los títulos de los estudios, y "enfermedad cardiometabólica" o "enfermedad cardiovascular" o "síndrome metabólico" o "resistencia a la insulina", en el abstract. Resultados: la mayoría de los estudios son de corte transversales y presentan diferentes criterios de diagnóstico para la OS. Fue posible verificar la asociación de la OS y los factores de riesgo y/o ECM o ECV. Conclusión: la OS está asociada con los factores de riesgo y/o ECM o ECV. La falta de un consenso sobre esta definición pone en peligro la efectividad de la práctica clínica y la investigación sobre el tema.

Aim: considering the frequent consumption of fatrich diets by women of reproductive age, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of maternal consumption of a high-fat diet during the perinatal and/ or post-weaning period on the liver parameters and lipid metabolism of young rats. Methods: Wistar female rats were fed a high-fat (H) or control (C) diet during pregnancy and lactation. The offspring were allocated to four groups: Control Control (CC, n = 11), offspring fed a control diet after weaning; Control High-fat (CH, n = 10), offspring fed a high-fat diet after weaning; High-fat High-fat (HH, n = 10), offspring of mothers H fed a high-fat diet after weaning; and High-fat Control (HC, n = 9), offspring of mothers H fed with control diet after weaning. Results and discussion: the food intake did not differ among the groups, however, the relative weight of the adipose tissue was higher in animals from the HC, HH and CH groups (p ≤ 0.005). Liver steatosis was found in the CH and HH animals, which also exhibited hypercholesterolemia (p ≤ 0.05). The levels of the liver enzymes alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) were higher in the HH group, and the LDL level was higher in the CH group compared to the CC. The consumption of an obesogenic diet during critical periods of development may contribute to the occurrence of visceral obesity, liver steatosis and hypercholesterolemia in adult rats, even in the absence of changes in dietary intake.

Objetivo: teniendo en cuenta el consumo frecuente de dietas ricas en grasas por las mujeres en edad reproductiva, el objetivo del presente estudio fue investigar los efectos del consumo materno de una dieta alta en grasas durante el periodo perinatal y/o post-destete en el hígado y el metabolismo de los lipidos en ratas jóvenes. Métodos: ratas hembra Wistar fueron alimentadas durante el embarazo y la lactancia con un alto contenido de grasa (H) o de control (C). La descendencia se asignó a cuatro grupos: Control (CC, n = 11), descendencia alimentada con una dieta de control después del destete; Control de dieta alta en grasa (CH, n = 10), crias alimentadas con una dieta alta en grasas después del destete; Alta en grasas de alta en grasa (HH, n = 10), hijos de madres H alimentados con una dieta alta en grasas después del destete; y Control de alta en grasa (HC, n = 9), hijos de madres H alimentados con dieta de control tras el destete. Resultados y discusión: la ingesta de alimentos no difirio entre los grupos; sin embargo, el peso relativo del tejido adiposo fue mayor en los animales de los grupos HC, HH y CH (p ≤ 0,005). La esteatosis hepatica se encontro en los CH y HH, que tambien presentaban hipercolesterolemia (p ≤ 0,05). Los niveles de las enzimas hepaticas alanina aminotransferasa (ALT) y gamma-glutamil transpeptidasa (GGT) fueron mayores en el grupo de HH, y el nivel de LDL fue mayor en el grupo CH en comparación con el CC. El consumo de la dieta propicio la obesidad durante los periodos criticos del desarrollo y puede contribuir a la aparición de obesidad visceral, esteatosis hepatica e hipercolesterolemia en ratas adultas, incluso en ausencia de cambios en la ingesta dietética.

Background and aims: The malnutrition found in oncology patients is the main responsible for the increase in morbimortality and worsening of their quality of life. Currently, the assessment of malnutrition is performed by subjective and objective methods, or the combination of them. Although these methods are routinely applied and their association is very common in clinical practice, there are few studies on the agreement between them. Thereby, this study aims to compare different methods for nutritional status assessment in surgical oncology patients. Methods: 173 oncology patients, admitted for surgery, were submitted to an anthropometric evaluation and answered a SGA, PG-SGA and NRS-2002. Kappa test was used to evaluated the level of concordance between the methods. Results: Poor concordance were observed between BMI and NRS-2002 (K=0,286), SGA (K=0,372) and PG-SGA (K=0,173). Among the subjective methods, the best results were found for SGA and PG-SGA (K=0,690), and the lowest between NRS-2002 and both others (SgA: K=0,345; PG-SGA: K=0,322). Conclusions: The poor concordance found between objective and subjective methods reinforces the importance of associating indicators in the nutritional assessment of this population Despite of the poor concordance found between the nutritional status assessment methods investigated in this study, patients who had greater depletion of body stores were also diagnosed with a higher degree of malnutrition by subjective methods.

Introducción y objetivos: La desnutrición en el paciente oncológico es responsable por el aumento de la mor-bilidady la mortalidady produce una disminución de su calidad de vida. En la actualidad, la identificación de la desnutrición se lleva a cabo por medio de métodos subjetivos y objetivos o por la unión de ambos. A pesar de la asociación de estos métodos como examen de rutina en la práctica clínica, son muy pocos los trabajos que evalúan la concordancia entre ellos. De ese modo, el objetivo de este estudio fue comparar diferentes métodos para evaluar el estado nutricional de los pacientes oncológicos quirúrgicos. Métodos: Se analizaron 173 pacientes oncológicos, ingresados para cirugía, se sometieron a una evaluación antropométrica y respondieron a SGA, PG-SGA y NRS-2002. Se utilizó el test Kappa para evaluar el nivel de concordancia entre los métodos. Resultados: Baja concordancia entre el IMC con el NRS-2002 (K=0,286), ASG(K=0,372) y ASG-PPP (K=0,173) fue identificado. Entre los métodos subjetivos, los resultados fueron mejores com ASG y ASG-PPP (K=0,690) y menor entre el NRS-2002 y los otros (ASG: K=0,345; ASG-PPP: K=0,322). Conclusión: Los resultados demostraron baja concordancia entre los métodos objetivos y subjetivos, lo que refuerza La importancia de la asociación de los indicadores en la evaluación nutricional de esta población. Aunque se ha encontrado baja concordancia entre los métodos de evaluación nutricional empleados en este estudio, los pacientes que presentaron una mayor reducción de las reservas corporales, fueron diagnosticados com un mayor grado de mal nutrición por los métodos subjetivos.

Objective: To evaluate the association of Hypertriglyceridemic waist with metabolic disorders and visceral fat in adults. Methods: Cross-sectional study with 191 individuals of both sexes. Subjects were grouped according to Waist Circumference (WC) ratings (Men: > 90 cm; Women: > 80 cm) and triglycerides (TG) (> 150 mg/dl) in Group 1 (HTW Phenotype): elevated WC and TG; Group 2 (absence of HTW Phenotype): elevated WC and normal TG or normal WC and elevated TG or normal WC and TG. Metabolic alternations, visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and visceral/subcutaneous fat index (VF/SF) measured by computed tomography were evaluated as cardiovascular risk factors between the groups. Results: Individuals with HTW phenotype, 82% had three or more cardiovascular risk factors. The association between cardiovascular risk factors with HTW phenotype revealed that among men 73.7% had hypercholesterolemia, 94.9% elevated non-HDLc and 78.9% excess of VAT area (p = 0.001). Among women, 65% had elevated Sistolic Blood Plessure, 80% hypercholesterolemia and 90% elevated non-HDLc (p < 0.02). Conclusion: The HTW phenotype associated with the metabolic alternations and VAT excess. Individuals with HTW had higher number of cardiovascular risk factors. The Hypertriglyceridemic waist can be used in clinical practice for investigating cardiovascular risk and visceral adipose tissue in individuals.

Objetivo: Evaluar la relación entre Cintura Hipertrigliceridémica (CHT) con cambios metabólicos y grasa visceral en adultos. Métodos: Estudio transversal con 191 personas de ambos sexos. Los participantes fueron agrupados según clasificación de Circunferencia de Cintura (CC) (Hombres: > 90 cm; Mujeres: > 80 cm) y triglicéridos séricos (TG) (>150 mg/dl) en el Grupo 1 (Fenotipo CHT): Elevación en CC y TG; Grupo 2 (ausencia del Fenotipo CHT): Aumento en CC y TG normal, o CC normal y TG elevado o CC y TG normales. Cambios metabólicos, área del tejido adiposo visceral (TAV) y índice de grasa visceral/subcutáneo (GV/GS), medidas por tomografia computadorizada, fueron evaluados como factores de riesgo cardiovascular entre los grupos. Resultados: De los participantes con el Fenotipo CHT, 82% presentaban tres o más factores de riesgo cardiovascular. La relación entre los factores de riesgo cardiovascular y el Fenotipo CHT demostró que entre los hombres 73,7% presentaban hipercolesterolemia, 94,9% no-HDLc elevado y 78,9% exceso de área TAV (p = 0,001). Entre las mujeres, 65% presentaban presión arterial sistólica alta, 80% hipercolesterolemia y 90% no-HDLc elevado (p < 0,02). Conclusión: El Fenotipo CHT se relacionó con cambios metabólicos y exceso de TAV. Personas con CHT presentaron más factores de riesgo cardiovascular. La Cintura Hipertrigliceridémica puede ser utilizada en la práctica clínica para investigar el riesgo cardiovascular y el depósito del tejido adiposo visceral en las personas.

Tejido adiposo visceral (TAV) está vinculado con las consecuencias metabólicas de la obesidad, siendo necesario el uso de métodos alternativos de predicción de este tipo de grasa, como la antropometría. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el desempeño de la antropometría en la predicción de la grasa visceral medido con tomografía computarizada en adultos y adultos mayores. Estudio transversal con 197 individuos sometidos a tomografía computarizada y la antropometría. Las variables fueron: área de TAV, diámetro abdominal sagital (DAS), circunferencia de cintura (CC) y el índice cintura-cadera (RCC). Análisis descriptivo, de correlación de Pearson y la Curva ROC se llevaron a cabo. Hemos observado correlaciones superiores a 0,7 (p=0,000) entre el DAS, CC y TAV en los hombres adultos y adultos mayores y en mujeres adultas. RCC muestren la mínima correlación. Los puntos de corte de DAS más sensible y específico son iguales para los hombres (adultos y adultos mayores: 20,2cm), pero diferente para las mujeres (Adultos: 21,0cm - sens.:83.3; espec.:79.1 /adultos mayores: 19,9cm - sens.: 81.0; espec.: 79.3). El CC de los puntos de corte fueron de 90,2cm y 92,2cm para los hombres (Hombres adultos- sens.: 86.7; espec.: 86.1- y los hombres mayores - sens.: 79.3; espec.: 77.8, respectivamente), mientras que para las mujeres los valores registrados fueron de 92.3cm (mujeres adultas- sens.: 83.3; espec.:81.4) y 88.2cm (mujeres mayores- sens.: 76.2; espec.:69.0). Este estudio mostró que la CC y el DAS lograr el mejor rendimiento en la identificación de la grasa visceral considerados de riesgo para el desarrollo de enfermedades cardiometabólicas en los adultos y adultos mayores.

Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is linked with the metabolic consequences of obesity, being necessary the use alternative methods of predicting this type of fat, like anthropometry. The objective of this study was assess the performance of anthropometry in predicting visceral fat measured with computerized tomography in adults and older adults. Study transversal with 197 individuals underwent computerized tomography (CT) and anthropometry. The variables analized were: visceral adipose tissue area by CT, Sagittal Abdominal Diameter (SAD), Waist Circumference (WC) and Waist-Hip Ratio (WHR). A descriptive analysis, Pearson correlation and ROC curve were carried out. We observed Correlations higher than 0.7 (p=0.000) between the SAD, WC and the VAT area were found in adult men and older men and in adult women. WHR displayed the least correlations. The most sensitive and specific SAD cut-off points were equal for all the men (Adults: 20.2 cm /Older adults: 20.2 cm) but different for the women (Adults: 21.0 cm; sens.: 83.3; spec.: 79.1 /Older adults: 19.9 cm; sens.: 81.0; spec.:79.3). The WC cut-off points that identified a VAT area =130cm² were 90.2 cm and 92.2 cm for men (adult men - sens.: 86.7; spec.: 86.1 - and older men- sens.: 79.3; spec.: 77.8 -respectively), while for women the recorded values were 92.3 cm (adult women- sens.: 83.3; spec: 81.4) and 88.2 cm (older women - sens.:76.2; spec.: 69.0).This study showed that WC and SAD achieved the best performance in the identification of visceral fat considered at risk for the development of cardiometabolic diseases in adults and older adults.

OBJETIVO: Investigou-se os efeitos do tratamento com triptofano sobre o consumo alimentar em ratos adultos, submetidos ou não a desnutrição precoce. MÉTODOS: Sessenta e quatro ratos Wistar machos foram divididos em nutridos (n=32, caseína=17%) e desnutridos (n=32, caseína=8%), de acordo com a dieta materna empregada no período de lactação. Após o desmame, todos os ratos receberam dieta com 23% de proteína. Pesos corporais foram avaliados no sétimo, vigésimo primeiro e septuagésimo dias de vida. Aos setenta dias de idade, cada grupo nutricional foi dividido em subgrupos: Nutrido-Salina (n=16) e Nutrido-Triptofano (n=16), Desnutrido-Salina (n=16) e Desnutrido-Triptofano (n=16). Os grupos receberam diariamente 1,0mL/100g de triptofano, na dose de 50mg/kgP ou salina (0,9%NaCl), durante 14 dias. Neste período foram realizados os estudos dos parâmetros do comportamento alimentar. Posteriormente obteve-se a média do consumo alimentar relativo e a média do ganho de peso relativo. As análises estatísticas foram feitas utilizando os testes t Student e ANOVA seguido de Tukey, com p<0,05. RESULTADOS: As ninhadas de mães alimentadas com dieta hipoproteica mantiveram pesos inferiores comparados com as ninhadas nutridas (p<0,01) até os setenta dias de vida. Os ratos nutridos tratados com triptofano (M=6,88, DP=0,05) reduziram a ingestão alimentar comparados aos nutridos salina (M=7,27, DP=0,08) (p<0,01). Contudo, não houve efeito sobre o ganho de peso. Entre os desnutridos nenhuma diferença foi encontrada. CONCLUSÃO: Nesse estudo, a restrição proteica neonatal alterou a evolução ponderal em ratos. Além disso, a desnutrição precoce tornou os ratos adultos resistentes aos efeitos inibitórios do triptofano sobre a ingestão alimentar.

OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the effects of tryptophan on the eating behavior of adult rats submitted or not to early malnutrition. METHODS: Sixty-four male Wistar rats were divided into nourished (n=32, casein=17%) and malnourished (n=32, casein=8%) according to the diet given to the dam during lactation. After weaning, all rats were fed a diet with a protein content of 23%. The rats were weighed on day 7, day 21 and day 70 after birth. On day 70 after birth, each nutritional group was divided into 4 subgroups: nourished-saline (n=16), nourished-tryptophan (n=16), malnourished-saline (n=16) and malnourished-tryptophan (n=16). The tryptophan groups were given 1.0mL/100g of tryptophan for 14 days, at a dosage of 50mg/kgw of body weight and the saline groups were given 1.0mL/100g of 0.9% NaCl, also for 14 days. The eating behavior parameters were assessed during this period. The mean relative food intake and mean relative weight gain were then determined. The statistical analyses were done by the Student's t-test and ANOVA, followed by the Tukey test, with p<0.05. RESULTS: During the first 70 days of life, pups from protein-malnourished damns remained lighter than pups from well-nourished damns (p<0.01). Well-nourished rats treated with tryptophan (M=6.88, SD=0.05) ate less than those given saline (M=7.27, SD=0.08) (p<0.01) but weight was unaffected. No difference was found for the malnourished rats. CONCLUSION: In this study, neonatal protein restriction affected weight gain in rats. Furthermore, early malnutrition made adult rats resistant to the inhibitory effects of tryptophan on food intake.

Estudos em humanos e em modelos experimentais demonstram que a serotonina (5-HT) participa da fisiopatologia da depressão. O presente estudo investigou o comportamento depressivo e a evolução ponderal de ratos adultos jovens (60 dias) tratados do 1º ao 21º dia pós-natal com fluoxetina, um inibidor seletivo de recaptação da serotonina, (10 mg/kg, sc, diariamente). A depressão experimental foi induzida através do teste de nado forçado (NF). Os animais foram submetidos a duas sessões de NF, a primeira por 15 min e a segunda após 24 h, por 5 min. Durante os 5 min de NF a latência da tentativa de fuga (LTF) e o tempo de imobilidade (TI) foram avaliados. O grupo tratado com fluoxetina apresentou aumento da LTF e redução do TI comparado ao controle. A administração neonatal de fluoxetina reduziu o comportamento depressivo em ratos adultos, possivelmente em função do aumento da atividade serotoninérgica cerebral. Esta alteração poderá estar relacionada a processos neuroadaptativos.

Serotonin plays a role at the pathophysiology of depression in humans and in experimental models. The present study investigated the depressive behavior and the weigh evolution in adult rats (60 days) treated from the 1st to the 21st postnatal day with fluoxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (10 mg/kg, sc, daily). The depressive behavior was induced by the forced swim test (FST). The animals were submitted to two sessions of FST: 1st session for 15 min and the 2nd session 24h later, for 5 min. During the 2nd session the Latency of the Attempt of Escape (LAE) and Behavioral Immobility (BI) were appraised. The Fluoxetine group when compared to the Control group, showed an increase in LAE and a decrease in BI. The neonatal administration of fluoxetine reduced the depressive behavior in adult rats, possibly by increase in the brain serotonergic activity. This alteration can be associated to process of neuroadaptation.